Salésol · Coffee Mastery Crash Course
Onboarding · v1.0 · April 2026

Coffee Mastery
Crash Course

From basic barista to Salésol standard.

This document is the foundation. Every coffee served at Salésol is built on the principles, ratios, and protocols here. Master this before touching the machine on bar. Re-read it monthly. The standard does not move.

What you'll master
Theory foundation 5 pillars
Espresso ratios 1:2 / 1:1.5
Milk temp standard 55–60° / 50°
Filter ratio standard 1:16
Modules 9 total
Time to ready 2–3 weeks
The Standard

Why this matters
before any technique.

Salésol does not compete on volume. We compete on clarity, sweetness, and consistency — three things that only exist when the barista understands what they are doing and why. A great espresso is not a lucky shot. It is the result of fifty controlled variables executed the same way, every time, by every barista on every shift.

— Salésol Coffee Standard
Curriculum

Nine modules,
in order.

Do not skip ahead. Each module assumes the previous one is internalised. Modules 1–3 are theory you must understand before touching equipment. Modules 4–8 are the operational standard you execute every shift. Module 9 is the assessment — when you pass it, you are bar-ready.

Module 01 · Foundation

Specialty coffee
foundations.

01
What "specialty" actually means

Specialty is a quality grade, not a marketing word.

"Specialty" coffee is coffee that scores 80+ points on the SCA cupping protocol (now the CVA — Coffee Value Assessment, adopted October 2024). It is graded on clarity, sweetness, acidity, body, balance, aftertaste, and absence of defects.

Salésol only sources coffees that score 85+ on CVA — the top tier. This is the baseline. Every bean we serve has provenance: farm, producer, varietal, processing, harvest year. If you cannot answer those five things about a bean on the bar, you are not ready to serve it.

i
Know this cold
Salésol coffee is sourced through specific exporters and producers. Lohas Beans gives us our "Holy Trinity" — El Diviso (Lasso), Finca Zarza (Gasca), Las Flores (Vergara). Memorise farm names and producer names. Customers will ask.
02
The four extraction variables

Everything in coffee comes back to four levers.

You cannot make coffee without controlling these four. Every recipe is a specific combination of them.

The Four Variables
01 · Dose
How much dry coffee goes in. Measured in grams. Affects strength and balance. Never guess — always weigh.
02 · Yield
How much liquid comes out. Measured in grams (not ml). Defines the ratio.
03 · Time
How long the extraction takes. Measured from first drip. Tells you about grind and resistance.
04 · Temperature
Brew water temp. Measured in °C. Lighter roasts need higher; darker roasts need lower.
The rule
Change one variable at a time. Always. If you change two at once, you cannot diagnose the result. This is the single most important discipline in dial-in.
03
The taste compass

Three flavours tell you everything.

You will taste hundreds of shots. They all fall on one axis: under-extracted ↔ ideal ↔ over-extracted.

Under-extracted

Sour, sharp, salty, hollow, short finish. Acidity dominates without sweetness behind it. Grind is too coarse, time is too short, or temperature is too low.

Over-extracted

Bitter, dry, astringent, woody, hollow finish. The shot pulled too much — including the harsh tail-end compounds. Grind too fine, time too long, or temperature too high.

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Ideal target
Sweet, balanced, clear, long finish, terroir-expressive. You should taste the bean's actual character — citrus, stonefruit, florals, chocolate — not "espresso flavour."
Module 02 · Roast

Roast theory
at Salésol.

04
Our philosophy

Light to medium-light. Always.

Salésol roasts to express the bean, not the roaster. Dark roasts taste of carbon and Maillard reaction — they hide the coffee. We roast light enough that you taste the farm, the varietal, the processing.

Every bean is roasted with at least 7 days of rest before service. Fresh-out-of-roaster coffee is gassy and unstable. Patience is part of the recipe.

Salésol Roast Targets · Agtron Scale
Filter & Black Espresso
Agtron 70–80 — light, terroir-driven, high clarity.
Milk-based Espresso
Agtron 60–70 — slightly developed for body to cut through milk.
Roast notes
Zero. If you taste roast, the roast is wrong.
Minimum rest
7 days post-roast. Peak window: day 10–28.
05
Why roast level changes everything

Lighter roasts need more energy to extract.

This is non-negotiable physics. A light roast is denser, less soluble, and more acidic. To pull the sweetness out, you need:

Higher water temperature — 93–94°C for filter, full machine temp for espresso.
Longer contact time — espresso shots run 28–35s, not 22–25s like dark roasts.
Finer grind — to compensate for lower solubility.
Sometimes lower ratio — for medium-light exotic beans, we use the Triple Ristretto Milk Protocol (covered in Module 04).
!
Common error
Treating a light roast like a dark roast — short shot, low temp, coarse grind — produces sour, hollow, undrinkable espresso. If a customer says "this is sour," 9 times out of 10 the shot was under-extracted, not "too acidic."
Module 03 · Tools

Water
& equipment.

06
Water — the 90% ingredient

Coffee is 98% water. Water is the recipe.

Bad water = bad coffee, no matter the bean. Tap water has random minerality, chlorine, and inconsistent hardness. We do not use it. Ever.

Salésol uses a two-layer water system:

Salésol Water Standard
Layer 1 · Base
Distilled water — zero mineral content. Stripped to a clean canvas.
Layer 2 · Mineralisation
Aquacode remineralised to 64ppm (intentionally softer than the standard 85ppm dilution — leaves headroom for per-bean Apax tuning).
Per-bean tuning
Apax Lab additives — TONIK (acidity/clarity), JAMM (body/sweetness), LYLAC (floral/finish). Recipe-specific, applied per coffee.
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What this means for you
Never use any water in any brew that is not from the Salésol prepared water container. Tap water in a rinse, a kettle test, or a "quick taste" — all forbidden during service.
07
The equipment stack

Each tool exists for one specific reason.

Know what each piece of equipment does, why we chose it, and what it is for. A barista who treats equipment like a magic box cannot diagnose problems.

Espresso & Grinding
Black Eagle Maverick
2-group espresso machine. Programmable temperature per group. Pre-infusion control. Industry standard for competition-grade.
Mahlkönig Mythos MY75
Main espresso grinder. Hopper-fed for service speed. Used for our daily espresso bean.
Mazzer Philos
Single-dose grinder. Used for exotic/expensive beans where waste must be zero. Higher precision, slower workflow.
Filter
Brewista Artisan kettle
Variable temp, gooseneck. Standard pour control.
V60 Switch
Default dripper. Hybrid — can immerse (valve closed) or percolate (valve open). Used for medium-density beans.
UFO V3 Switch
For dense beans — washed Ethiopian, Panamanian Geisha, funky anaerobics. Also hybrid.
Paragon Brewing Chiller
Iced filter. Flash-chill rather than over-ice — preserves clarity.
Filter Papers — match to bean density
Cafec Abaca Osmotic Flow
Default. Medium flow rate, neutral.
Sibarist Fast
Dense washed coffees. Fast flow, high clarity.
UFO F
Very dense beans (Geisha, Sidra). Highest flow.
UFO A
Funky / intense naturals. Tames intensity.
Module 04 · Espresso Recipe

Espresso recipe
standard.

08
The default ratio

Standard double: 1:2, in 28–32 seconds.

This is the Salésol baseline for our daily medium-light espresso. Memorise it.

Standard Double Espresso · Medium-Light Roast
Dose
20–21g in (basket-dependent, weigh every shot)
Yield
40–42g out (1:2 ratio, weighed not eyeballed)
Time
28–32 seconds from first drip
Temperature
Per bean — set in coffee_recipes table
Pre-infusion
Per bean recipe
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Discipline
Every shot weighed, in and out. Every shot timed. Every shot tasted before serving — even if it looks right. If any of dose / yield / time is outside the window, the shot is dumped. No exceptions, no "close enough."
09
The exotic milk shot

The Triple Ristretto Milk Protocol — Salésol IP, v1.0.

For our high-end exotic medium-light beans served in milk drinks (the Holy Trinity, La Trinidad, etc.), the standard 1:2 double yields 45–46g — too dilute against milk. The flavour collapses.

Solution: pull a triple ristretto instead. More concentrated, less volume, intense expression that survives the milk.

Triple Ristretto Milk Protocol — Exotic Medium-Light in Milk
Dose
21g in (triple basket)
Yield
29–32g out (~1:1.4–1.5 ratio)
Milk total
120g (90g fresh + 30g distilled — see Module 05 freeze-distilled milk recipe)
Vessel
Per drink build (Module 06)
La Trinidad exception
Double Piccolo presentation — one triple ris split across two piccolo cups, served side-by-side, WBC-style.
Brand language
When customers ask why these drinks are different, the answer is: "This bean is too delicate for a standard double — we pull it as a triple ristretto so the flavour expresses fully against the milk." Speak the protocol by name. It is part of our IP.
10
Dial-in troubleshooting

Diagnose the symptom before changing anything.

Always taste first. Then change one variable. Re-taste. Document.

Symptom → First Adjustment
Sour, sharp
Tighten grind one click. Shot is running too fast / under-extracted.
Bitter, dry, astringent
Coarsen grind one click. Shot is over-extracted.
Hollow, weak
Check dose first. Then milk steaming temp. Then Apax JAMM dose.
Channeling (uneven flow)
Puck prep first. Grinder cleanliness second. Basket fit third.
Time perfect, taste off
Check temperature. Check water. Check bean rest age.
!
Never do this
Change two things at once. Skip the taste step. Serve a shot you didn't taste. "Round up" a yield. Forget to log a recipe change.
Module 05 · Milk

Milk standard
& steaming.

11
Temperature — non-negotiable

55–60°C for dairy. 50°C for alt-milk.

This is the law. Memorise the numbers. Use a thermometer until your hand-feel is calibrated — do not skip the thermometer phase.

Salésol Milk Temperature Standard
Fresh dairy (Hometown)
55–60°C — peak sweetness window. Above 65°C, lactose denatures and flavour goes cardboard.
Milk Lab Oat
45–50°C — alt-milks scorch and curdle above 55°C.
Milk Lab Almond
45–50°C — same rule, more sensitive than oat.
Latte target
55–60°C dairy / 50°C alt
Cappuccino / piccolo target
55–60°C dairy / 50°C alt — same. Texture differs, not temp.
!
If milk is over-temp
Dump it. Re-steam fresh. Over-heated milk cannot be salvaged — the flavour damage is irreversible. Every gram of dumped milk is cheaper than one bad drink.
12
The freeze-distilled fresh milk recipe

All hot whites use a 50/50 freeze-distilled fresh milk base.

Standard fresh milk is too dilute for our espresso intensity. We concentrate the flavour and sweetness by freezing fresh milk, then re-diluting with distilled-extract milk. The result is a denser, sweeter, longer-finishing milk that holds its character against the espresso.

Hot Whites — Milk Build
Base ratio
400–450g distilled extract per 1L frozen fresh milk
Why frozen
Freezing concentrates milk solids and sweetness. Distilled extract carries the structure without further dilution of fats/proteins.
Storage
Once mixed, treat as fresh milk — refrigerate, use within 24h, label batch.
Iced Whites — Milk Build
Per drink
30g distilled fixed + scaled fresh milk to drink size
Why fixed not freeze-distilled
Iced doesn't have heat to release sweetness — fresh milk + small distilled keeps texture clean and cold-stable.
13
Steaming technique

Two phases: stretch, then texture.

Steaming is not "make it hot." It is two distinct phases that produce a specific milk structure. Get the phases wrong and you get either thin milk with no body, or bubbly foam that won't pour.

Purge the wand. Always — before and after. Hygiene + heat consistency.
Position the tip just below the surface, slightly off-centre to create a vortex.
Stretch phase (0–~38°C): Hear a soft "tssss" — air being drawn in. This builds microfoam volume. Stop stretching once you have enough volume for the drink (more for cappuccino, less for latte).
Texture phase (38°C → target): Submerge the tip slightly deeper. No more air in — only spinning. The vortex polishes the bubbles into glossy microfoam.
Cut steam at 5°C below target — milk continues heating from carry-over. (Cut at 50–55°C for dairy 55–60°C target.)
Wipe wand, purge, swirl jug, tap once, pour immediately. Microfoam waits for no one.
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Texture target
Glossy, paint-like, no visible bubbles. If you see bubbles on the surface, the foam is too coarse — you stretched too long or didn't texture properly. Re-do.
Module 06 · Drinks

Milk drink
builds.

14
Vessel sizes — memorise

Each drink has one vessel, one fill, one ratio.

This is the menu standard. No deviation. If a customer wants a non-standard size, the answer is "We serve it as designed — our chef and barista calibrated each vessel for the exact ratio that tastes best." Brand language, not apology.

Salésol Milk Drink Vessels
Piccolo
120ml cup at 3/4 fill = ~90ml drink. Single shot espresso, dense milk. Smallest, most concentrated.
Magic
120ml full. Double ristretto, textured milk. Melbourne-style.
Flat White
150ml. Double espresso, glossy milk, minimal foam (~5mm).
Cappuccino
150ml. Double espresso, more foam (~1cm), often dusted.
Latte
180ml. Double espresso, more milk volume, light foam.
Double Piccolo (La Trinidad only)
Two 120ml piccolo cups, side-by-side. One triple ristretto split. WBC presentation.
15
The pour

A pour is a signal — to the customer and to yourself.

Latte art is not decoration. It tells you the milk texture is correct (you cannot pour rosetta with bubbly foam) and signals to the customer that the drink was made with care. Every milk drink leaves the bar with an intentional pour.

Pour Standard
Piccolo / Magic
Tulip or small heart. Tight space — clean lines.
Flat White / Cap
Rosetta or tulip with definition.
Latte
Rosetta with full leaves, or layered tulip.
If the pour fails
Drink is dumped. No "rescue with a heart on top of a bad pour." Re-make.
Module 07 · Filter

Filter coffee
standard.

16
The base ratio

Salésol filter standard: 1:16.

17g coffee → 270g water (washed) / 260g (natural) / 250g (anaerobic natural). Adjusted by processing because each style extracts differently — naturals carry more soluble solids and need slightly less water to hit balance.

Filter Recipe — Salésol Standard
Dose
17g
Water — washed
270g (1:16)
Water — natural
260g (1:15.3)
Water — anaerobic natural
250g (1:14.7)
Water temp
91–94°C — bean & roast specific. Lighter roast → higher temp.
Total brew time
2:45–3:00 (V60 + Cafec) · 2:30–2:45 (UFO + Sibarist)
17
The Salésol Double Bloom v1.0 — our IP

Hybrid immersion-percolation pour.

This is our proprietary brew method. Always referred to by name: Salésol Double Bloom v1.0. It uses the V60 Switch (or UFO Switch) valve to alternate between immersion (steeping) and percolation (drawdown), giving us more control over extraction than either method alone.

Salésol Double Bloom v1.0 · 17g dose
Setup
Switch valve closed. Pre-rinse paper. Add coffee, level, dimple centre.
0:00 → 50g
Pour to 50g, valve closed (immersion bloom).
0:30 → 100g
Pour to 100g, valve still closed.
1:00
Open the valve. Drawdown begins.
1:05 → 185g
Pour to 185g.
1:40–1:45 → final yield
Pour to 270g / 260g / 250g per processing.
Drawdown complete
2:45–3:00 (V60+Cafec) or 2:30–2:45 (UFO+Sibarist)
Exception — Washed Ethiopian
Single-bloom variant: pour straight to 100g, hold to 1:00, then resume normal protocol from the 1:05 step. Washed Ethiopian extracts faster and the second pour adds nothing but bitterness.
18
Filter dial-in

Filter symptoms read differently than espresso.

Less pressure, more time, more sensitive to grind. Diagnose then adjust one variable.

Filter Symptom → Adjustment
Astringent
Drop temp 0.5–1°C first. Then check grind not too fine.
Sour, sharp
Raise temp 1°C. Or grind one click finer. One change at a time.
Drawdown too slow (>3:30)
Coarsen grind. Check paper isn't clogging — could be wrong paper for bean density.
Drawdown too fast (<2:30)
Tighten grind. Or switch to slower paper.
Hollow, thin
Check dose, then ratio. May need 1:15.5 instead of 1:16.
Module 08 · Workflow

Service & workflow
SOP.

19
Pre-shift — calibration

Open with discipline, not improvisation.

The first 30 minutes of every shift is calibration. No drinks served before this is complete.

Machine on, warm-up minimum 30 minutes. Group temp must stabilise.
Water check — confirm Salésol prepared water is in use, level adequate for shift.
Grinder purge — 5g of fresh beans through grinder before first dial-in shot.
Dial-in espresso — pull and taste until shot hits recipe spec (dose, yield, time, taste). Document if grinder click changed.
Milk steam test — one practice steam to check pressure, wand temp consistency.
Filter dial-in — one batch brew of today's filter bean. Cup it. Adjust recipe if off.
Station setup — knockbox empty, towels in place, jugs cold, scales zeroed, thermometers calibrated.
20
In-shift — every drink

Every drink is checked, tasted, presented.

Speed comes from rhythm, not skipping steps. The fastest barista in the world is the one who never re-makes drinks.

Weigh dose in. Weigh yield out. Time from first drip.
Taste every shot with a small spoon before it goes into milk. Yes, every one.
Steam to spec temp. Use thermometer until calibrated by hand. Cut at -5°C from target.
Pour intentional latte art. Fail = re-make.
Wipe rim, present clean cup, deliver with farm/varietal info if asked.
Reset station — knockbox tap, jug rinse, wand purge, scale zero. Every drink.
21
Post-shift — log & clean

If it isn't logged, it didn't happen.

Cleaning is non-negotiable. Logging is non-negotiable. The compound of small data over months is what makes Salésol learn faster than any other café.

Backflush espresso machine with detergent, per machine SOP.
Grinder cleanout — purge, brush burrs, vacuum chute.
Steam wands — full strip, soak in milk-system cleaner, reassemble.
Log via WhatsApp bot — any recipe changes (with reason), any equipment issues, any new bean dial-in notes, customer feedback worth capturing.
Restock & set up next shift — beans rested? Milk batch labelled? Water level? Paper supply?
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The compound effect
Every recipe change you log is data the entire team learns from. Every customer feedback you capture is intelligence the café compounds. Skipping the log means the next barista repeats the mistake. The discipline is the moat.
7days
Min bean rest
64ppm
Aquacode water
28-32s
Espresso window
100%
Shots tasted
Module 09 · Assessment

Bar-ready
assessment.

Tick every item. When all are checked and demonstrated to Gabriel or a senior barista, you are bar-ready. Until then, you are training. There is no shame in not being checked yet — there is only shame in claiming you are when you are not.

Theory: Can explain the four extraction variables and how each affects taste, without notes.
Theory: Can describe Salésol's roast philosophy and Agtron targets for filter vs milk-based espresso.
Water: Knows the two-layer system (distilled + Aquacode 64ppm) and the role of Apax additives.
Espresso: Pulls a standard double to 1:2 (20–21g in / 40–42g out / 28–32s) — three consecutive shots within spec.
Espresso: Pulls a Triple Ristretto Milk Protocol shot (21g in / 29–32g out) for an exotic milk drink without coaching.
Dial-in: Tastes a sour shot and correctly identifies under-extraction; tastes a bitter/astringent shot and correctly identifies over-extraction.
Milk: Steams dairy to 55–60°C and alt-milk to 50°C — verified by thermometer, three drinks in a row.
Milk: Knows the freeze-distilled fresh milk recipe (400–450g distilled per 1L frozen fresh) and the iced build (30g distilled fixed + scaled fresh).
Milk: Produces glossy, paint-textured microfoam — no visible bubbles — three jugs in a row.
Drinks: Knows every vessel size, fill level, and pour pattern (piccolo, magic, flat white, cappuccino, latte, double piccolo).
Filter: Executes the Salésol Double Bloom v1.0 method by memory — no recipe card on the bar.
Filter: Knows ratio adjustments by processing (270g washed / 260g natural / 250g anaerobic) and the washed Ethiopian single-bloom exception.
Equipment: Names every piece of equipment and explains its specific role (Black Eagle, Mythos, Mazzer Philos, V60 Switch, UFO V3, Brewista, Paragon).
Brand: Can speak to a customer about a Salésol coffee — naming farm, producer, varietal, processing — without referring to a card.
Workflow: Executes pre-shift, in-shift, and post-shift SOPs without prompts. Logs every recipe change via WhatsApp bot.
Standard: Has dumped a drink (shot or milk) for being out of spec, without prompting, in front of a senior. Proves the standard is internalised.